Comorbilidad en el TDAH

ADHD and comorbidity

Abstract

RESUMEN

Este artículo es una revisión sobre las distintas comorbilidades relacionadas de forma especial con el  Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad (TDAH). Se admite que el TDAH “puro” es algo muy infrecuente, estimándose la comorbilidad en más de 60%. Tener en cuenta esta realidad clínica es de suma importancia, no solo para el tratamiento farmacológico, sino también para la intervención psicológica y psicosocial. Finalmente, se aborda algunos problemas del desarrollo límites con otras patologías del desarrollo,  como el DAMP (Déficits  Attention Motor Control and Perception ).

ABSTRACT

This article is a review on the different comorbidities related of special relief with the Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity disroder (ADHD). Is admitted that the "pure" ADHD is something very infrequent, the comorbidity being estimated in more than 60 %. Bearing this clinical reality in mind performs supreme importance, not alone for the pharmacological treatment, but also for the psychological  and psychosocial intervention. Finally, we approach some disorders “border-line” between the ADHD and other disorders of the development, as the DAMP (Deficits Attention Motor Control and Perception).

BIBLIOGRAFÍA

Bouvard M, Le Heuzey MF, Mouren MCh. Hyperactivité de l’enfance à l’âge adulte. 2ª Édition.Paris : Doin Éditeurs, 2006.

Brown Th E. Trastorno por déficit de atención y comorbilidades en niños, adolescentes y adultos.. Barcelona: Masson, 2003.

Clark T, Feehan C, Tinline C y cols. Autistic symptoms in children with attention deficithyperactivity disorder. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 8(1):50-5, 1999. DOI: 10.1007/s007870050083

Comings  DE. The role of genetic factors in conduct disorder based on studies of Tourette syndrome and ADHD probands and their relatives. Journal Developmental Behaviour Pediatry 16:142-157, 1999   

Dalsgaar S, Mortensen PB, Frydenberg M y cols. Conduct problems, gender, and adult psychiatry outcome with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Brits Journal of Psychiatry, 181: 416-421, 2002. DOI: 10.1192/bjp.181.5.416  

Díaz Atienza, J. Signes neurologiques mineurs, stress psychosocial and vulnerabilté psychiatrique chez l’enfant. Mémoire CES. Université Piere et Marie Curie. Paris. 1991.  

Gillberg, C. Deficits in attention, motor control, and perception: a brief review. Archives Disability.  Child. 88(10):904-10, 2003 DOI: 10.1136/adc.88.10.904

 Goldstein S, Schwebach AJ. The comorbidity of Pervasive Developmental Disorder and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: results of a retrospective chart review. Journal of  Autism and Developmental Disorders. 34(3):329-39, 2004. DOI: 10.1023/b:jadd.0000029554.46570.68

Jensen PS, Shervette RE, Xenakis SN y cols. Anxiety et depressive disorders in attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity: new findings. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150: 1203-1209, 1993. DOI: 10.1176/ajp.150.8.1203

 Mannuzza S, Klein RG, Abikoff H y cols. Significance of childhood conduct problems to later development of conduct disorder among children with ADHD: a prospective follow-up study. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 32(5):565-73, 2004. DOI: 10.1023/b:jacp.0000037784.80885.1a

Meyer SE, Carlson GA, Wiggs EA y cols. A prospective study of the association among impaired executive functioning, childhood attentional problems, and the development of bipolar disorder. Developmental Psychopathology, 16(2):461-76, 2004. DOI: 10.1017/s095457940404461x

Schachar R, Tannock R, Logan G. Inhibitory control, impulsiveness and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Clinical Psychology Review 13:721-1739, 1993.  

Serra-Pinheiro MA, Schmitz M, Mattos P y cols. Oppositional defiant disorder: a review of neurobiological and environmental correlates, comorbidities, treatment and prognosis. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria. 26(4):273-6, 2004 DOI: 10.1590/s1516-44462004000400013

Smart D, Sanson A, Prior M. Connections between reading disability and behavior problems: testing temporal and causal hypotheses Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology. 24(3):363-83, 1997. DOI: 10.1007/BF01441636

Spencer T, Biederman J, Harding M, y cols. Disentangling the overlap between Tourette's disorder and ADHD. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 39(7):1037-44, 1998.    

State RC, Frye MA, Altshuler LL y cols. Chart review of the impact of attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder comorbidity on response to lithium or divalproex sodium in adolescent mania. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 65(8):1057-63, 2004. DOI: 10.4088/jcp.v65n0805

Van Goozen SH, Matthys W, Cohen-Kettenis PT y cols. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and autonomic nervous system activity in disruptive children and matched controls. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39(11):1438-45, 2000. DOI: 10.1097/00004583-200011000-00019

Weinberg WA, McLean A, Zinder RL y cols. Depression, learning disability, and school behavior problems. Psychological Report 64(1):275-83, 1989. DOI: 10.2466/pr0.1989.64.1.275